True or False? All runway incursions are surface incidents, but not all surface incidents are runway incursions.

The statement is true because it reflects the definitions and distinctions within aviation safety terminology. A runway incursion specifically refers to an incident where an unauthorized vehicle, person, or aircraft is on the runway, which can directly affect the safety of aircraft taking off or landing.

On the other hand, surface incidents encompass a broader category of events occurring on the airport surface, including taxiways and ramps. Not all of these incidents involve runways; they could include situations such as vehicle collisions on a taxiway or an aircraft being incorrectly positioned on the ramp.

Thus, while every runway incursion is indeed a kind of surface incident due to its occurrence on the airport ground, the reverse is not true, as there are surface incidents that do not involve runways at all. This distinction is crucial for understanding airport operations and safety protocols.